Questões - FACULDADE CIÊNCIAS MÉDICAS | Gabarito e resoluções

(FCMSCSP 2022) Um corte pequeno ou um arranho ocasional no representam um risco de vida porque o corpo humano saudvel realiza o fenmeno de coagulao sangunea, que contm a hemorragia e opera posterior recuperao dos tecidos. No processo de coagulao sangunea, na rea do tecido lesado

(FCMS- 2021) A Idade Mdia complexa. Por que a chamamos de feudal? Antes de tudo porque ela dominada por senhores que tm subordinados chamados vassalos, aos quais eles concedem (emprestam, se preferirem) terras que lhes proporcionam uma renda e que so chamadas de feudos, da o nome feudal. Essa palavra designa um sistema social que os filsofos do sculo XVIII e os homens da Revoluo Francesa detestam e denunciam, porque o povo, os camponeses, as pessoas simples so oprimidas pelos ricos e poderosos. Essa imagem permanece colada Idade Mdia. (Jacques Le Goff. A Idade Mdia explicada aos meus filhos, 2007. Adaptado.) A partir da leitura do excerto, pode-se constatar que

(CM - RJ - 2020) A oposio passado/presente essencial na aquisio da conscincia do tempo. No um dado natural, mas sim uma construo. Com efeito, o interesse do passado est em esclarecer o presente. O processo da memria no homem faz intervir no s na ordenao de vestgios, mas tambm na releitura desses vestgios. (Jacques Le Goff) Colecionar fotos colecionar o mundo. As fotos so, de fato, experincia capturada, e a1cmera o brao ideal da conscincia,2em sua disposio aquisitiva.3Imagens fotografadas no parecem manifestaes a respeito do mundo,4mas sim pedaos dele, miniaturas da realidade que qualquer um pode fazer ou adquirir. Fotos, que enfeixam o mundo, parecem solicitar que as enfeixemos tambm. So afixadas em lbuns, emolduradas e expostas em mesas, pregadas em paredes, projetadas como diapositivos. Por meio de fotos,5cada famlia constri uma famlia , em geral, um lbum sobre a famlia ampliada - e, muitas vezes, o que dela resta. 7Assim como 8as fotos do s pesssoas a posse imaginria de um passado irreal,9tambm as ajudam a tomar posse de um espao10em que se acham inseguras. (SONATO, Susa.Sobre a fotografia.So Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2006. p. 14-15 e 19. Texto adaptado.) Vocabulrio Diapositivo:imagem positiva, esttica e translcida, de modo geral em pelcula, e que se pode projetar; imagem fotogrfica. Enfeixar:amarrar ou prender em feixe; colocar junto; ajunta; reunir. Assim como as fotos do s pessoas a posse imaginria de um passado irreal,tambm as ajudam a tomar posse de um espao em que se acham inseguras. (referncia 7) Nessa passagem, o trecho sublinhado apresenta o valor de

(FCM PB- 2020/1) New Data on Autism Spectrum Disorder in 4- Year-Old Children. CDC scientists published a report onthe prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among 4-year-old children. This report is based on information from the Early Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network. Early ADDM is a subset of the broader ADDM Network, which has been doing ASD surveillance among 8-year-old children since 2000. In this report, published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Surveillance Summaries, scientists analyzed information from the health and/or education records of preschool-aged children. Identifying children with ASD early helps families get access to services in their communities. This report provides valuable information on progress made toward early identification of children with ASD, and informs providers, particularly public schools, of upcoming service needs. The data in this report demonstrate a continued need to identify children with ASD sooner and refer them to early intervention. Seven sites from across the United States were included in this report. These sites participated in Early ADDM for at least one year during surveillance years 2010, 2012, and2014. However, trends in the prevalence and characteristics of ASD could only be analyzed across three sites: Arizona, Missouri, and New Jersey. This is because not all seven sites participated and had consistent data sources for all three surveillance years. (Adapted from: www.cdc.gov) What is the proper Tense of the fragment has been doing obtained from the first paragraph of the text.

(Faculdade de Cincias Mdicas da Paraba - 2020/1) New Data on Autism Spectrum Disorder in 4- Year-Old Children. CDC scientists published a report onthe prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among 4-year-old children. This report is based on information from the Early Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network. Early ADDM is a subset of the broader ADDM Network, which has been doing ASD surveillance among 8-year-old children since 2000. In this report, published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Surveillance Summaries, scientists analyzed information from the health and/or education records of preschool-aged children. Identifying children with ASD early helps families get access to services in their communities. This report provides valuable information on progress made toward early identification of children with ASD, and informs providers, particularly public schools, of upcoming service needs. The data in this report demonstrate a continued need to identify children with ASD sooner and refer them to early intervention. Seven sites from across the United States were included in this report. These sites participated in Early ADDM for at least one year during surveillance years 2010, 2012, and2014. However, trends in the prevalence and characteristics of ASD could only be analyzed across three sites: Arizona, Missouri, and New Jersey. This is because not all seven sites participated and had consistent data sources for all three surveillance years. (Adapted from: www.cdc.gov) Choose the proper question tag for the following sentence adapted from the text: This report is based on information from the Early Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring, __________.

(FCM - SP (Santa Casa) - 2019) Leia o conto de Mrio Quintana para responder questo. Velha histria Era uma vez um homem que estava pescando, Maria. At que apanhou um peixinho! Mas o peixinho era to pequenininho e inocente, e tinha um azulado to indescritvel nas escamas, que o homem ficou com pena. E retirou cuidadosamente o anzol e pincelou com iodo a garganta do coitadinho. Depois guardou-o no bolso traseiro das calas, para que o animalzinho sarasse no quente. E desde ento ficaram inseparveis. Aonde o homem ia, o peixinho o acompanhava, a trote, que nem um cachorrinho. Pelas caladas. Pelos elevadores. Pelos cafs. Como era tocante v-los no 17! o homem, grave, de preto, com uma das mos segurando a xcara de fumegante moca, com a outra lendo o jornal, com a outra fumando, com a outra cuidando do peixinho, enquanto este, silencioso e levemente melanclico, tomava laranjada por um canudinho especial Ora, um dia o homem e o peixinho passeavam margem do rio onde o segundo dos dois fora pescado. E eis que os olhos do primeiro se encheram de lgrimas. E disse o homem ao peixinho: No, no me assiste o direito de te guardar comigo. Por que roubar-te por mais tempo ao carinho do teu pai, da tua me, dos teus irmozinhos, da tua tia solteira? No, no e no! Volta para o seio da tua famlia. E viva eu c na terra sempre triste! Dito isto, verteu copioso pranto e, desviando o rosto, atirou o peixinho ngua. E a gua fez redemoinho, que foi depois serenando, serenando at que o peixinho morreu afogado (Eu passarinho, 2006.) Mas o peixinho era to pequenininho e inocente, e tinha um azulado to indescritvel nas escamas,que o homem ficou com pena. No contexto em que est inserida, a orao sublinhada indica uma

(FCM PB - 2019/1) Engaging Doctors in the Health Care Revolution Despite wondrous advances in medicine and technology, health care regularly fails at the fundamental job of any business: to reliably deliver what its customers need. In the face of ever-increasing complexity, the hard work and best intentions of individual physicians can no longer guaranteeefficient, high-quality care. Fixing health care will require a radical transformation, moving from a system organized around individual physicians to a team-based approach focused on patients. Doctors, of course, must be central players in the transformation: Any ambitious strategy that they do not embrace is doomed. And yet, many physicians are deeply anxious about the changes under way and are mourning real or anticipated losses of autonomy, respect, and income. They are being told that they must accept new organizational structures, ways of working, payment models, and performance goals. They struggle to care for the endless stream of patients who want to be seen, but they constantly hear that much of what they do is waste. Theyre moving at various rates through the stages of grief: A few are still in denial, but many are in the second stageanger. Bursts of rage over relatively small issues are common. Given doctors angst, how can leaders best engage them in redesigning care? In our roles in senior management of two large U.S. health care systems, and as observers and partners of many others, we have seen firsthand that winning physicians support takes more than simple incentives. Leaders at all levels must draw on reserves of optimism, courage, and resilience. They must develop an understanding of behavioral economics and social capital and be ready to part company with clinicians who refuse to work with their colleagues to improve outcomes and efficiency. To help health care leaders engage physicians in the pursuit of their organizations greater goals, we suggest a framework based on the writings of the economist and sociologist Max Weber, who described four motivations that drive social action (that is, action in response to others behavior). Adapted for health care professionals, these are: shared purpose, self-interest, respect, and tradition. Leaders can use these levers to earn doctors buy-in and bring about the change the system so urgently needs. (Adapted from www.hbr.org) Choose the correct Verb Tense for the underlined words on the sentence below: We have seenfirsthand that winning physicians support takes more than simple incentives.

(FCM 2019) A cmara de gs era um dispositivo para matar seres humanos que consiste em uma cmara fechada na qual um veneno ou gs asfixiante era introduzido. Durante o Holocausto, tais cmaras eliminaram grandes grupos de pessoas, como parte da poltica nazista de genocdio contra judeus. Os nazistas tambm tinham como alvos ciganos, homossexuais, deficientes fsicos e mentais e intelectuais contrrios ao regime. Os agentes txicos mais utilizados eram o cianeto de hidrognio, o dixido de carbono e o monxido de carbono. Tais substncias caracterizam-se por ter natureza apolar, o que explica a capacidade de atravessar com facilidade as membranas das clulas, comprometendo de forma irreversvel o funcionamento do sistema nervoso. A polaridade destas substncias explicada quimicamente pela teoria da hibridizao e ageometria molecular. Sobre a hibridizao dos carbonos do cianeto de hidrognio, do dixido de carbono e do monxido de carbono, correto afirmar o que se apresenta na alternativa:

(Faculdade de Cincias Mdicas da Paraba - 2019/1) Engaging Doctors in the Health Care Revolution Despite wondrous advances in medicine and technology, health care regularly fails at the fundamental job of any business: to reliably deliver what its customers need. In the face of ever-increasing complexity, the hard work and best intentions of individual physicians can no longer guaranteeefficient, high-quality care. Fixing health care will require a radical transformation, moving from a system organized around individual physicians to a team-based approach focused on patients. Doctors, of course, must be central players in the transformation: Any ambitious strategy that they do not embrace is doomed. And yet, many physicians are deeply anxious about the changes under way and are mourning real or anticipated losses of autonomy, respect, and income. They are being told that they must accept new organizational structures, ways of working, payment models, and performance goals. They struggle to care for the endless stream of patients who want to be seen, but they constantly hear that much of what they do is waste. Theyre moving at various rates through the stages of grief: A few are still in denial, but many are in the second stageanger. Bursts of rage over relatively small issues are common. Given doctors angst, how can leaders best engage them in redesigning care? In our roles in senior management of two large U.S. health care systems, and as observers and partners of many others, we have seen firsthand that winning physicians support takes more than simple incentives. Leaders at all levels must draw on reserves of optimism, courage, and resilience. They must develop an understanding of behavioral economics and social capital and be ready to part company with clinicians who refuse to work with their colleagues to improve outcomes and efficiency. To help health care leaders engage physicians in the pursuit of their organizations greater goals, we suggest a framework based on the writings of the economist and sociologist Max Weber, who described four motivations that drive social action (that is, action in response to others behavior). Adapted for health care professionals, these are: shared purpose, self-interest, respect, and tradition. Leaders can use these levers to earn doctors buy-in and bring about the change the system so urgently needs. (Adapted from www.hbr.org) Choose the proper question tag for the following sentence adapted from the text: They are being told that they must accept new organizational structures, ___________.

(Faculdade de Cincias Mdicas da Paraba - 2019/1) Understanding Anxiety Disorder Many of us worry from time to time. We fret over finances, feel anxious about job interviews, or get nervous about social gatherings. These feelings can be normal or even helpful. They may give us a boost of energy or help us focus. But for people with anxiety disorders, they can be overwhelming. Anxiety disorders affect nearly 1 in 5 American adults each year. People with these disorders have feelings of fear and uncertainty that interfere with everyday activities and last for 6 months or more. Anxiety disorders can also raise your risk for other medical problems such as heart disease, diabetes, substance abuse, and depression. The good news is that most anxiety disorders get better with therapy. The course of treatment depends on the type of anxiety disorder. Medications, psychotherapy (talktherapy), or a combination of both can usually relieve troubling symptoms. Anxiety disorders are one of the most treatable mental health problems we see, says Dr. Daniel Pine, an NIH neuroscientist and psychiatrist. Still, for reasons we dont fully understand, most people who have these problems dont get the treatments that could really help them. One of the most common types of anxiety disorder is social anxiety disorder, or social phobia. It affects both women and men equallya total of about 15 million U.S. adults. Without treatment, social phobia can last for years or even a lifetime. People with social phobia may worry for days or weeks before a social event. Theyre often embarrassed, selfconscious, and afraid of being judged. They find it hard to talk to others. They may blush, sweat, tremble, or feel sick to their stomach when around other people. (Adapted from: www.newsinhealth.nih.gov) Choose the proper question tag for the following sentence from the text: These feelings can be normal or even helpful, _________.

(FCMSC-SP/2019-2) Um homem foi picado por uma jararaca e procurou auxlio mdico em um hospital. Para inibir o efeito das toxinas contidas no veneno da serpente, o mdico indicou para esse homem

(Faculdade de Cincias Mdicas da Paraba - 2018/1) Brazils Former Olympic Chief Charged in 2016 Games Bribes Investigation RIO DE JANEIRO Brazilian prosecutors charged the former head of the National Olympics Committee (Comit Olmpico do Brasil, COB), Carlos Nuzman, and five other people with corruption based on an investigation of alleged bribery to have Rio de Janeiro host the 2016 Games. Nuzman, who was provisionally suspended by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and arrested in Rio on Oct. 5th, was charged with racketeering, money laundering and violating currency laws. The former governor of Rio de Janeiro State, Sergio Cabral, and formerCOBdirector Leonardo Gryner were also charged with corruption in connection with a $2 million payment to guarantee votes for Rio, the prosecutors office said. Nuzman, 75 years old, a former IOC member and now honorary member, is accused of arranging bribes to get the IOCtopickRio as host of the 2016 Olympic Games. He has denied any wrongdoing. Rio was awarded the Games in 2009 over Chicago, Tokyo and Madrid. Those charged included Brazilian businessman Arthur Soares, who prosecutors said acted as an intermediary, and Lamine Diack, a former IOC member from Senegal and former head of the International Association of Athletics Federation. The IOC provisionally suspended Nuzman a day after he was arrested, along with the COB, which was responsible for Rios bid to stage the Games. The IOC said Brazilian athletes would not be affected and Team Brazil would be able to take part at next years Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang in South Korea. Nuzman resigned last week as head of theCOB.In a letter to the committee he said he needed to devote himself to his legal defense and would not be returning. (Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2017/10/18/sports/olympics/18reuters-brazil-corruption-olympics.html) Choose theappropriatequestion tag answer for the following text fragment: Carlos Nuzman was provisionally suspended by the International Olympic Committee, ____________?

(Faculdade de Medicina de Jundia - 2018) The hunger gains: extreme calorie-restriction diet shows anti-aging results The idea that organisms can live longer, healthier lives by sharply reducing their calorie intake is not exactly new. Laboratory research has repeatedly demonstrated the anti- -aging value of calorie restriction, often called CR, in animals from nematodes to rats with the implication that the same might be true for humans. In practice though, permanently reducing calorie intake by 25 to 50 percent or more sounds to many like a way to extend life by making it not worth living. Researchers have also warned that what works for nematodes or rats may not work and could even prove dangerous in humans, by causing muscle or bone density loss, for example. But now two new studies appear to move calorierestriction from the realm of wishful thinking to the brink ofpractical, and perhaps even tolerable, reality. Writing inNatureCommunications, researchers at the University of Wisconsin--Madison and the National Institute on Aging reported lastmonth chronic calorie restriction produces significant healthbenefits in rhesus monkeys a primate with humanlikeaging patterns indicating that CR mechanisms are likelytranslatable to human health. The researchers describeone monkey they started on a 30 percent calorie restriction diet when he was 16 years old, late middle age for this type of animal. He is now 43, a longevity record for the species, according to the study, and the equivalent of a human living to 130. In the second study, published in ScienceTranslationalMedicine, a research team led by gerontologist Valter Longoat the University of Southern California (U.S.C.) suggestsit is possible to gain anti-aging benefits without signing upfor a lifetime of hunger. Instead, a fasting-mimicking diet,practiced just five days a month for three months andrepeated at intervals as needed is safe, feasible andeffective in reducing risk factors for aging and age-relateddiseases. Some researchers, however, still find the calorie-restrictionargument unpersuasive. Leslie Robert, a biochemist andphysician at the University of Paris who was not involved inthe two new studies, says pharmaceutical approaches offergreater anti-aging potential than inefficient and apparentlyharmful diets. The important thing, adds Luigi Fontana, alongevity researcher at the Washington University School ofMedicine in Saint Louis who also was not involved in the newwork, is if youre doing a healthy diet, exercising, everythinggood, without doing anything extreme, without making lifemiserable by counting every single calorie. (Richard Conniff.www.scientificamerican.com, 16.02.2017. Adaptado.) No trecho do quinto pargrafo whoalso was not involved in the new work, o termo em destaque refere-se a

(FCM - PB - 2018/2) Estrs: un fenmeno de nuestro tiempo El estrs es bueno para la salud, en su justa medida! Cuando la tensin diaria nos agobia, nos agota diariamente el estrs (distrs) se convierte en un elemento extremamente perjudicial para nuestra salud, causante de muchos desrdenes ydistorsiones. Debemos aprender a controlarlo y dominarlo. Nos proponemos aconsejarte lo siguiente: 1) Pensamiento positivo. Autocontrol del pensamiento opuesto. Combate pensamientos negativos. No te permitas ni uno. Intenta practicar autocontrol aplicando el pensamiento opuesto al negativo. Recrate en las cosas buenas que te han pasado (aunque pienses que han sido pocas). Confa en tu cerebro si lo alimentas de cosas positivas... 2) Rer y sonrer (e incluso de ti mismo). La risa tiene poderes y efectos milagrosos sobre el cuerpo humano. 3) Cudate. Plnteate como un reto vivir, cudate...Ordena tu vida, tu alimentacin sana, tus ejercicios. Anda. 4) Intenta disfrutar hablando con los dems, imagina cosas positivas de tu relacin con los dems. Deja de criticar. 5) Vuelve al trabajo. Planifica tu trabajo con antelacin. 6) Practica la respiracin y la relajacin, especialmente la respiracin abdominal. 7) Escucha msica relajante. O msica en general. (http://www.euroresidntes.com/estrs/estrs.htm,p..1,en 16/6/2006) Cuandola tensin diaria [...], el trmino subrayado refleja idea de:

(FCM-PB - 2018/2) TEXTO 1 Se habra salvado Naomi Musenga si la hubieran atendido rpidamente cuando llam pidiendo ayuda al servicio de urgencias?Esa es una duda que quizs nunca se resolver.Perono es la cuestin principal.Loque ha estremecido a toda Francia no ha sido la falta de respuesta, sino el tono de la misma. La publicacin de la conversacin telefnica entre la joven de 22 aos y la operadora del servicio de urgencias que la atendi, y a la que se puede ormofndosede ella yhumillndola,ha sacudido a todo el pas. La fiscala de Estrasburgo ya ha abierto una investigacin preliminar. Tambin la ministra de Salud, una indignada Agns Buzyn, ha pedido explicaciones ante tamaas disfunciones.El sector reconoceuna actitud imperdonable, pero ha aprovechado para alertar de la situacin de un servicio mdico pblico que, segn sus responsables, est desbordado por una demanda cada vez mayor sin que se aumenten los recursos. Sus padres pidieron este jueves que se haga justicia y se depuren responsabilidades. (Pars, 10 may 2018 - 13:35 br. In Peridico El Pas) Contesta segn el texto: Loque ha estremecido a toda Francia []. El trmino destacado subrayado es: